Schmidt & Schmidt offers the legalization of documents from Turkey by apostille.
Turkey joined the Hague Convention on the Simplified Authentication of Documents on 31 July 1985; the Convention entered into force on 29 September 1985.
The apostille, or the “Hague apostille” is a certificate that authenticates the origin of a public document (e.g., a birth, marriage or death certificate, a judgment, an extract of a register or a notarial attestation). It confirms the authenticity of the signature and the authority of an official who signed the public document.
Documents issued in Turkey are certified with an apostille in accordance with the Hague Convention of 1961 are recognized in all Member States of the Hague Convention and do not require any other form of certification, such as consular legalization, which considerably reduces the costs and time required for the certification of documents. So far, more than 120 states have joined the Convention.
The apostille is not sufficient for use in the states that are not party to the Hague Convention. In this case, consular legalization applies to a public document.
Designated Competent Apostille Authorities in Turkey
In Turkey, the primary authorities responsible for the issuance of apostilles are the County commissioner (Kaymakam) or governor (Valilik), and Director of the Committee of Legal Affairs or local Presidium of the Committee of Legal Affairs.
If the documents are submitted in province and are of administrative nature, the responsibility lies with the Governor and the Head Official of the District. In towns, the same is done by the Head Official of the District. On the other hand, when dealing with judicial documents, the competent authority is the Presidencies of the Judicial Commissions.
The authorities will carefully examine the document to verify if the signatures, stamps, or seals align with their own records. If they are confirmed to be authentic, the document will be legalized by affixing an 'apostille' (an officially stamped certificate).
The apostille in Turkey is a square stamp in Turkish with the obligatory heading "Apostille" and a reference to the 1961 Hague Convention in French (Convention de La Haye du 5 octobre 1961). The apostille certificate’s sides will be at least 9 centimeters long.
Types of documents
| Can be apostillized | Cannot be apostillized |
|---|---|
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Specific aspects and document requirements for the apostille in Turkey
Turkey is among the 120 countries that recognize and issue apostilles in accordance with the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961. The apostille serves as a confirmation of the official status of a document.
The apostille process can vary depending on the sender and recipient country, but typically to obtain an apostille for a document in Turkey, you must go through the following steps:
- Obtaining the original document to be apostilled;
- Verification of the signature on the document by the authorized body;
- Issuance of an apostille on a document by an authorized body;
- Submission of the document together with the apostille in the recipient country.
This process can be time-consuming, especially if it includes multiple documents and different countries. To ensure a smooth and accurate apostille process, it is recommended to seek guidance from specialists familiar with the requirements and procedures. Their expertise can help avoid delays and errors in obtaining documents apostille.
Document requirements that might apply:
- The document must be an original or a certified copy issued by the competent authority.
- The document should contain all relevant and accurate information.
- The document must be in the official language of the issuing country or translated into the official language of the country where the apostille is sought
- The apostille must be affixed by the designated competent authority in accordance with regulations.
The apostille is issued in a uniform format. In Turkey, it has the form of a printed sticker with a handwritten signature of an official, an official seal, and a hologram.
In cases where apostles are not recognized, holders of foreign documents will need to legalize them instead. However, If the country of destination of the document recognizes and issues apostilles, then legalization is unnecessary.
Legalization of Turkish educational documents for use abroad
For educational documents issued in Turkey, such as school reports, university degree certificates, transcripts of records, enrollment certificates, and other school or university certificates, to be recognized and valid abroad, they must undergo an authentication process through legalization.
When it comes to the authentication of diplomas and similar educational documents in Turkey, the applicants will usually need to do so through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Even when the target country is a party to the Hague Convention, there are cases where legalization of educational documents might still be necessary. In these situations, authentication becomes essential. Before submitting, it's advisable to consult with the respective agency in the destination country or seek professional help.
Such an approach ensures that educational documents possess the necessary legal authority, allowing them to be recognized and used across various countries. While these are general procedures, the exact requirements may vary, so it is advisable to confirm the specific steps with the relevant authorities.
Recognition of the authenticity of public documents
Documents from countries with which Turkey has agreements for exemption from legalization are not required to undergo any form of legalization procedures. Some of the agreements include:
Multilingual documents (under CIEC Convention)
Civil status certificates and certificates of marriageability, which are issued by one of the contracting states according to the model of the Convention of the International Commission (CIEC Convention) for Civil and Civil Status Affairs (CIEC), are exempt from any formality in Turkey.
Contracting states of the Vienna CIEC Convention of 08.09.1976 (issuance of multilingual extracts from civil status registers: birth, marriage, and death certificate) are:
- Austria, Germany , Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Estonia, France, Italy, Cape Verde, Cyprus, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Switzerland, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey.
Contracting states of the Munich CIEC Convention of 05.09.1980 (issuance of multilingual certificates of marriageability) are:
- Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Portugal, Switzerland, Spain, Turkey.
Luxembourg, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey have specific exemptions from legalization, which apply only to judicial and certain personal status documents. These exemptions are based on special bilateral or multilateral agreements, such as the Convention on the Exemption of Certain Documents from Legalization within the framework of CIEC (Commission Internationale de l'Etat Civil), to which Turkey is a Contracting State. Varying areas of validity of these agreements explain the difference in legalization requirements for different types of documents, such as Turkish birth certificates not requiring legalization while Turkish higher education diplomas require apostille legalization.
Consular legalization of Turkish documents for use abroad
Consular legalization is the process of authenticating or certifying a legal document so a foreign country's legal system will recognize it as with full legal effect that is carried out by the diplomatic or consular mission of the country in which the document is to be used.
This procedure is required when the destination country does not recognize or accept the apostille certification. One needs to submit the original document, along with any required copies or supporting materials, to the respective consular office. The consular officials will review the document, verify its authenticity, and affix their seal or stamp to certify its validity.
The consular legalization process may require additional steps like obtaining translations of the document into the language of the destination country or providing additional supporting documentation as requested by the consular office.
It is up to the diplomatic mission to decide about the authentication procedure. The specific requirements and procedures for consular legalization may vary depending on the regulations of the destination country.
The main differences between an apostille and consular legalization of documents
The common feature between apostille and consular legalization is that they authenticate an official document for presentation to institutions in another country. However, they have many differences.
| Apostille | Consular legalization | |
|---|---|---|
| Legal effect | Can be used in all countries that are party to the Hague Convention on the Simplified Legalization of Documents. | Use between States one or both of which is not a member of the Hague Convention, or where one of the contracting States has protested the accession of the other. |
| Difficulty | Moderate. To obtain an apostille, contact the competent apostille authority of the state of origin of the document. | High. For consular legalization, various inland authorities and a diplomatic mission of the state of destination must be involved. |
| Pre-certification | Usually not required. | Is obligatory. |
| Attestation at the state of destination embassy in the state of origin of the document | No need to contact the Consulate of the country of destination. | Is the final step of legalization. |
Apostille and consular legalization in all cities of Turkey
Schmidt & Schmidt provides apostille and consular legalization services for public documents originating from all regions across Turkey. We handle the entire process, from document review to obtaining the necessary certifications, ensuring that your documents are valid and recognized internationally. With our reliable services, you can confidently use your Turkey public documents abroad.
Procurement of documents from Turkey
If the important documents are lost or damaged, or current copies of the documents are needed, the re-issue of the documents is required. It is not unusual for people outside Turkey to encounter difficulties with obtaining new documents when abroad. Our consultants will help you procure new documents from Turkey remotely, and we can arrange for your documents to be sent by courier anywhere in the world.
Certified translation of documents from Turkey
Copies and transcripts of civil status documents can be translated into any language by a sworn translator in Turkey or the translation can be done in the country of destination. We offer certified translations of civil status documents with further certification. The cost of the work is calculated according to the volume of the document in question.
Does the translation have to be legalized?
Any foreign document issued in one country and used in another country must be legalized for use abroad. Therefore, the authenticity of a certified translation from Turkey needs to be certified by an apostille. Consequently, many authorities may not accept certified translations from Turkey if the translation has not been properly authenticated in Turkey for use abroad. To avoid this confusion, translations should better be made in the state of the destination of the document.
